Novel Expanding Renal Cell Carcinoma Biomarkers
Abstract
Identification of reliable molecular biomarkers that can complement clinical practice represents a fascinating challenge in any cancer field. Renal tumors are usually asymptomatic and incidentally identified during imaging studies due to unrelated causes. However, in 25-30% of patients the first diagnosis is accompanied by symptoms and associated with distant metastasis. Thus, early diagnosis may improve the disease progression also avoiding side effects of inadequate treatments. Moreover, the ability to categorize patients' risk of recurrence after radical treatment, or even predict benefit from a target therapy represent a compelling challenge. Here we reviewed the current state-of-the-art on RCC biomarkers, particularly focusing on the new approaches of genomics, liquid biopsy, proteomics and metabolomics.
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